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Pulitzer Prize

The Pulitzer Prize in Biography
1917-present

2020s

Winner

Sontag : Her Life and Work by Benjamin Moser

Finalists

  • Our Man : Richard Holbrooke and the End of the American Century by George Packer
  • Parisian Lives : Samuel Beckett, Simone de Beauvoir, and Me by Dierdre Blair

Winner

The Dead Are Arising : the Life of Malcolm X by Les Payne and Tamara Payne

Finalists

  • Red Comet : the Short Life and Blazing Art of Sylvia Plath by Heather Clark
  • Stranger in the Shogun's City : a Japanese Woman and Her World by Amy Stanley

Winner

Chasing Me to My Grave: an artist's memoir of the Jim Crow South by the late Winfred Rembert as told to Erin I. Kelly

Finalists

  • Pessoa: a biography by Richard Zenith
  • The Doctors Blackwell: how two pioneering sisters brought medicine to women and women to medicine by Janice P. Nimura

WINNER

G-Man: J. Edgar Hoover and the Making of the American Century by Beverly Gage

FINALISTS

  • His Name is George Floyd: One Man's Life and the Struggle for Racial Justice by Robert Samuels and Toluse Olorunnipa

  • Mr. B: George Balanchine's 20th Century by Jennifer Homans

2010s

Winner

The First Tycoon : the epic life of Cornelius Vanderbilt, by T. J. Stiles


Finalists

  • Cheever : a life, by Blake Bailey
  • Woodrow Wilson : a biography, by John Milton Cooper, Jr.

Winner

Washington : a life, by Ron Chernow


Finalists

  • Mrs. Adams in Winter : a journey in the last days of Napoleon
  • The Publisher : Henry Luce and his American century, by Alan Brinkley

Winner

George F. Kennan : an American life, by John Lewis Gaddis


Finalists

  • Love and capital : Karl and Jenny Marx and the birth of a revolution, by Mary Gabriel
  • Malcolm X : a life of reinvention

Winner

The Black Count : glory, revolution, betrayal, and the real Count of Monte Cristo, by Tom Reiss


Finalists

  • Portrait of a novel : Henry James and the making of an American masterpiece, by Michael Gorra
  • The Patriarch : the remarkable life and turbulent times of Joseph P. Kennedy, by David Nasaw

Winner

Margaret Fuller : a new American life, by Megan Marshall


Finalists

  • Jonathan Swift : his life and his world, by Leo Damrosch
  • Karl Marx : a nineteenth-century life, by Jonathan Sperber

Winner

The Pope and Mussolini : the secret history of Pius XI and the rise of fascism in Europe, by David I. Kertzer


Finalists

  • Louis Armstrong : master of modernism, by Thomas Brothers
  • Stalin : Volume I : paradoxes of power, 1878-1928, by Stephen Kotkin

Winner

Barbarian Days : a surfing life, by WIlliam Finnegan


Finalists

  • Custer's Trials : a life on the frontier of a new America, by T. J. Stiles
  • The Light of the World : a memoir, by Elizabeth Alexander

Winner

The Return : fathers, sons and the land in between, by Hisham Matar


Finalists

  • In the Darkroom, by Susan Faludi
  • When Breath Becomes Air by Paul Kalanithi

Winner

Prairie Fires : the American dreams of Laura Ingalls Wilder, by Caroline Fraser


Finalists

  • Richard Nixon : the life, by John A. Farrell
  • Robert Lowell, Setting the River on Fire : a study of genius, mania, and character, by Kay Redfield Jamison

Winner

The New Negro : the life of Alain Locke, Jeffrey C. Stewart


Finalists

  • Proust's Duchess : how three celebrated women captured the imagination of fin-d-siècle Paris, by Caroline Weber
  • The Road Not Taken : Edward Lansdale and the American Tragedy in Vietnam, by Max Boot

2000s

Winner

Vera (Mrs. Vladimir Nabokov), by Stacy Schiff


Finalists

  • Clear Springs : a memoir, by Bobbie Ann Mason
  • Galileo's Daughter : a historical memoir of science, faith, and love, by Dava Sobel

Winner

W. E. B. Du Bois : the fight for equality and the American century, 1919-1963, by David Levering Lewis


Finalists

  • Johann Sebastian Bach : the learned musicians, by Christoph Wolff
  • The First American : the life and times of Benjamin Franklin

Winner

John Adams, by David McCullough


Finalists

  • An Hour Before Daylight : memories of a rural boyhood, by Jimmy Carter
  • Grant, by Jean Edward Smith

Winner

Master of the Senate, by Robert A. Caro


Finalists

  • Beethoven : the music and the life, by Lewis Lockwood
  • The Fly Swatter, by Nicholas Dawidoff

Winner

Khrushchev : the man and his era, by William Taubman


Finalists

  • Arshile Gorky : his life and work, by Hayden Herrera
  • Isaac Newton, by James Gleick

Winner

de Kooning : an American master, by Mark Stevens and Annalyn Swan


Finalists

  • Under a Wild Sky : John James Audubon and the making of the birds of America, by William Souder
  • Will in the World : how Shakespeare became Shakespeare, by Stephen Greenblatt

Winner

American Prometheus : the triumph and tragedy of J. Robert Oppenheimer, by Kai Bird and Martin J. Sherwin


Finalists

  • The Peabody Sisters : three women who ignited American Romanticism, by Megan Marshall
  • The Year of Magical Thinking, by Joan Didion

Winner

The Most Famous Man in America : the biography of Henry Ward Beecher, by Debby Applegate


Finalists

  • Andrew Carnegie, by David Nasaw
  • John Wilkes : the scandalous father of civil liberty, by Arthur H. Cash

Winner

Eden's Outcasts : the story of Louisa May Alcott and her father, by John Matteson


Finalists

  • The Life of Kingsley Amis, by Zachary Leader
  • The Worlds of Lincoln Kirstein, by Martin Duberman

Winner

American Lion : Andrew Jackson in the White House, by Jon Meacham


Finalists

  • The Bin Ladens : an Arabian family in the American century, by Steve Coll
  • Traitor to His Class : the privileged life and radical presidency of Franklin Delano Roosevelt

1990s

Winner

Machiavelli in Hell, by Sebastian de Grazia


Finalists

  • A First-Class Temperament: the emergence of Frankling Roosevelt, by Geoffrey C. Ward
  • Clear Pictures : first loves, first guides, by Reynolds Price
  • The Road from Coorain, by Jill Ker Conway

Winner

Jackson Pollock, by Steven Naifeh and Gregory White Smith


Finalists

  • Alfred I. Du Pont : the man and his family, by Joseph Frazier
  • The Five of Hearts : an intimate portrait of Henry Adams and His Friends 1880-1918, by Patricia O'Toole

Winner

Fortunate Son : the healing of a Vietnam vet, by Lewis B. Puller


Finalists

  • Frederick Douglas, by William S. McFeely
  • Orwell : the authorized biography, by Michael Shelden

Winner

Truman, by David McCullough


Finalists

  • Genius : the life and science of Richard Rynman, by James Gleick
  • Kissinger, by Walter Isaacson

Winner

W. E. B. Du Bois : a biography of a race 1868-1919, by David Levering Lewis


Finalists

  • Genet : a biography, by Edmund White
  • In Extremis : the life of Laura Riding, by Deborah Baker

Winner

Harriet Beecher Stow : a life, by Joan D. Hedrick


Finalists

  • Hugo Black : a biography, by Roger K. Newman
  • Saint-Exupery : a biography, by Stacy Schiff

Winner

God : a biography, by Jack Miles


Finalists

  • John Sloan : painter and rebel, by John Loughery
  • Mozart : a life, by Maynard Solomon

Winner

Angela's Ashes : a memoir, by Frank McCourt


Finalists

  • Herman Melville : a biography, Volume 1, 1819-1851, by Hershel Parker
  • In the Wilderness : coming of age in unknown country, by Kim Barnes

Winner

Personal History, by Katharine Graham


Finalists

  • Aflred C. Kinsey : a public-private life, by James H. Jones
  • Whittaker Chambers : a biography, by Sam Tanenhaus

Winner

Lindbergh, by A. Scott Berg


Finalists

  • A Beautiful Mind, by Sylvia Nasar
  • At Home with the Marquis de Sade : a life, by Francine du Plessix Gray

1980s

Winner

The Rise of Theodore Roosevelt, by Edmund Morris


Finalists

  • Being Bernard Berenson, by Meryle Secrest
  • Bernard Berenson : the making of a connoisseur, by Ernest Samuels
  • The Duke of Deception, by Geoffrey Wolff

Winner

Peter the Great : his life and world, by Robert K. Massie


Finalists

  • Walt Whitman : a life, by Justin Kaplan
  • Walter Lippmann and the American Century, by Ronald Steel

Winner

Grant : a biography, by William McFeely


Finalists

  • Mornings on Horseback, by David McCullough
  • Waldo Emerson, by Gay Wilson

Winner

Growing Up, by Russell Baker


Finalists

  • Churchill : young man in a hurry, 1874-1915, by Ted Morgan
  • Thomas E. Dewey and His Times, by Richard Norton Smith

Winner

Booker T. Washington : the wizard of Tuskegee, 1901-1915, by Louis R. Harlan


Finalists

  • Black Apollo of Science : the life of Ernest Everett Just, by Kenneth Manning
  • Thomas Carlyle : a biography, by Fred Kaplan

Winner

The Life and Times of Cotton Mather, by Kenneth Silverman


Finalists

  • Becoming William James, by Howard M. Feinstein
  • The Seven Mountains of Thomas Merton, by Michael Mott

Winner

Louise Bogan : a portrait, by Elizabeth Frank


Finalists

  • A Hidden Childhood : a Jewish girl's sanctuary in a French convent, 1942-1945, by Frida Scheps Weinstein
  • George Washington Williams : a biography, by John Hope Franklin

Winner

Bearing the Cross : Martin Luther King Jr. and the Southern Christian Leadership Conference, by David J. Garrow


Finalists

  • Dostoevsky : the stir of liberation, 1860-1865, by Joseph Frank
  • Murrow : his life and times, by A. M. Sperber
  • The Life and Times of Congressman John Quincy Adams, by Leonard L. Richards

Winner

Look Homeward : a life of Thomas Wolfe, by David Herbert Donald


Finalists

  • George Santayana : a biography, by John McCormick
  • Hemingway, by Kenneth S. Lynn

Winner

Oscar Wilde, by Richard Ellmann


Finalists

  • A Bright Shining Lie : John Paul Vann and America in Vietnam, by Neil Sheehan
  • Freud : a life for our time, by Peter Gay
  • The Life of Langston Hughes : Volume II, 1941-1967 : I dream a world, by Arnold Rampersad

1970s

Winner

Huey Long, by T. Harry Williams

Winner

Robert Frost : the years of triumph, 1915-1938, by Lawrance Thompson

Winner

Eleanor and Franklin, by Joseph P. Lash

Winner

Luce and His Empire, by W. A. Swanberg

Winner

O'Neill, Son and Artist, by Louis Sheaffer

Winner

The Power Broker : Robert Moses and the fall of New York, by Robert Caro

Winner

Edith Wharton : a biography, by R. W. B. Lewis

Winner

A Prince of Our Disorder : the life of T. E. Lawrence, by John E. Mack

Winner

Samuel Johnson, by Walter Jackson Bate

Winner

Days of Sorrow and Pain : Leo Baeck and the Berlin Jews, by Leonard Baker

1960s

Winner

John Paul Jones, by Samuel Eliot Morison

Winner

Charles Sumner and the Coming of the Civil War, by David Donald

Winner

No award given

Winner

Henry James, by Leon Edel

Winner

John Keats, by Walter Jackson Bate

Winner

Henry Adams, three volumes, by Ernest Samuels

Winner

A Thousand Days, by Arthur M. Schlesinger

Winner

Mr. Clemens and Mark Twain, by Justin Kaplan

Winner

Memoirs, by George F. Kennan

Winner

The Man From New York : John Quinn and his friends, by Benjamin Lawrence Reid

1950s

Winner

John Quincy Adams and the Foundations of American Foreign Policy, by Samuel Flagg Bemis

Winner

John C. Calhoun : American portrait, by Margaret Louise Coit

Winner

Charles Evans Hughes, by Merlo J. Pusey

Winner

Edmund Pendleton 1721-1803, by David J. Mays

Winner

The Spirit of St. Louis, by Charles A. Lindbergh

Winner

The Taft Story, by William S. White

Winner

Benjamin Henry Latrobe, by Talbot Faulkner Hamlin

Winner

Profiles in Courage, by John F. Kennedy

Winner

George Washington, Volumes I-VII, by Douglas Southall Freeman with John Alexander Carroll and Mary Wells Ashworth

Winner

Woodrow Wilson, by Arthur Walworth

1940s

Winner

Woodrow Wilson, Life and Letters, Vols. VII and VIII, by Ray Stannard Baker

Winner

Jonathan Edwards, 1703-1758 : a biography, by Ola Elizabeth Winslow

Winner

Crusader in Crinoline, by Forrest Wilson

Winner

Admiral of the Ocean Sea : a life of Christopher Columbus, by Samuel Eliot Morison

Winner

The American Leonardo : the life of Samuel F. B. Morse, by Carleton Mabee

Winner

George Bancroft : Brahmin rebel, by Russell Blaine Nye

Winner

Son of the Wilderness, by Linnie Marsh Wolfe

Winner

The Autobiography of William Allen White, by William Allen White

Winner

Forgotten First Citizen : John Bigelow, by Margaret Clapp

Winner

Roosevelt and Hopkins, by Robert E. Sherwood

1930s

Winner

The Raven : a biography of Sam Houston, by Marquis James

Winner

Charles W. Eliot, by Henry James

Winner

Theodore Roosevelt, by Henry F. Pringle

Winner

Grover Cleveland, by Allan Nevins

Winner

John Hay, by Tyler Dennett

Winner

R. E. Lee, by Douglas S. Freeman

Winner

The Thought and Character of William James : as revealed in unpublished correspondence and notes, together with his published writings, by Ralph Barton Perry

Winner

Hamilton Fish : the inner history of the Grant administration, by Allan Nevins

Winners

  • Pedlar's Progress, by Odell Shepard

  • The Life of Andrew Jackson, by Marquis James

Winner

Benjamin Franklin, by Carl Van Doren

1920s

Winner

The Life of John Marshall, by Albert J. Beveridge

Winner

The Americanization of Edward Bok, by Edward Bok

Winner

A Daughter of the Middle Border, by Hamlin Garland

Winner

The Life and Letters of Walter H. Page, by Burton J. Hendrick

Winner

From Immigrant to Inventor, by Michael Idvorsky Pupin

Winner

Barrett Wendell and His Letters, by M. A. Dewolfe Howe

Winner

The Life of Sir William Osler, 2 vols., by Harvey Cushing

Winner

Whitman : an interpretation in narrative, by Emory Holloway

Winner

The American Orchestra and Theodore Thomas, by Charles Edward Russell

Winner

The Training of an American : the earlier life and letters of Walter H. Page, by Burton J. Hendrick

1910s

Winner

Julia Ward Howe, 1819-1910, by Laura E. Richard and Maud Howe Elliott assisted by Florence Howe Hall

Winner

Benjamin Franklin, Self-Revealed, by William Cabell Bruce

Winner

The Education of Henry Adams, by Henry Adams